Hamlet: A Man of Many Qualities :: Shakespeare Hamlet Essays

critical point A Man of Many Qualities  Hamlet is a objet dart of many different qualities and he reveals only certainqualities to certain people.  Hamlet draws his audience, the reader, intonoticing the different qualities that he has.  His qualities are shown throughhis colloquys with other characters as well as through his soliloquies.These words of wisdom and revealance help to distinguish how Hamlet feels abouteach other character that he encounters.  The phrases and speeches that Hamletaddresses are both poetical and piercing.  So when Hamlet is speaking, he isconstantly revealing his qualities which range from love, to respect, to hate.Hamlets most powerful qualities seem to be revealed through his conversationwith the people that he cares about, that is to say his family and friends. The queen, Gertrude, is hamlets mother and she is probably the living beingthat he cares about the most.  Unfortunately, one of Hamlets qualities, whichis re vealed in conversation with his mother, is a negative one and that is anger. His quality is displayed through Hamlets soliloquy in Act 1, Scene 2, Lines131 161.  Hamlet is angry at his mother for marrying a new husband, his uncle,Claudius, so quickly after his fathers death.  This anger shines through insuch phrases such as Frailty, thy name is woman(Act 1,Sc 2, L148) and LikeNiobe, all tears.(Act 1, Sc 2, L151).  At the end of his soliloquy, Hamletswitches qualities from one of anger to one of fear.  This is sheer whenHamlet states, With such dexterity to incestuous sheets, and It is not, norit cannot come to healthy, and finally But break my heart, for I must hold mytongue(Act 1, Sc 2 L157 161).  Hamlet expresses his fear for his mothershasty marriage.  Hamlet realizes that his mother marrying his uncle can have nogood result.  Respect is another quality that Hamlet displays in conversationwith his mother.  This occurs when his mother asks him to remain at home ratherthan return to school(Act 1, Sc 2, L120121), which he agrees to do. This showsthat although he disagrees with his mother and her marriage, after such littlemourning for her husband, Hamlet Sr.s, death, he still respects his mother andwill do what she asks. Later in the act, Hamlet encounters another character who goes by the name ofHoratio.  Horatio is a good friend, as stated in Act 1, Sc 2, L163, and thefirst quality which Hamlet reveals is his respect for Horatio.  In line 176 ofAct 1, Sc 2, Hamlet states I know you are no truant.

The Importance of Work-Life Initiatives Essay -- Human Resource Manage

Work causes breed. Both men and women are working, raising a family, and going to school. Previously, women in the work force would take demotions or walk away from careers when having children. Today, families blaspheme on a dual income. With both parents working integral time, while raising children, the relationship amidst work and house responsibilities are un eased. This unbalance creates stress for both the employee and the employer. Work-life balance is the need to provide a muniment that will combine work, family relationships, and leisure time into a satisfying life. Flexible work arrangements balance work and home responsibilities which helps employees deal with stress, motivates them, and empowers. Organizations need to assess study culture and provide mechanisms to support work-life balance that are mutually beneficial to both the make-up and the employee. Individuals each have unique responsibilities that define the meaning of work-l ife balance. Employees in the workforce that fulfill family and work commitments have achieved a sense of work-life balance (The business imperative, 2009). The attribute between work and personal life used to be clear. Today, personal commitments suffer for lack of time and energy. Unfortunately, the demands of work outweigh the demands at home, because without work the home does not exist. The unbalanced work-life creates negative and disengaged employees. It costs the U.S. economy between $250 and $300 billion every year in lost productivity alone (Clifton & Rath, 2009). Organizations right away realize their success directly relates to the moral of their employees. Organizations that demand bump off loyalty and extensive overtime fi... ...ight%20q2%202009.pdfMcMahon, C., & Pocock, B. Australian Government, EOWA. (2011). Doing thingsdifferently Case studies of work-life innovation in vi Australian workplaces. Retrieved from http//www.eowa.gov.au/Informatio n_Centres/Resource_Centre/EOWA_Publications/University_of_SA_Case_Study/UniSA_Case%20Studies%20report_April2011.pdf Nixon, J. (n.d.). Work-life balance. In M. Simmering (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Business (2nd ed. pp. Tr-Z). Retrieved from http//www.referenceforbusiness.com/ concern/Tr-Z/Work-Life-Balance.htmlSHRM. (2011). Shrm research spotlight Flexible work arrangements. Retrieved from http//www.shrm.org/research/surveyfindings/documents/11-workflexflier_final_rev.pdfYasbek, P. (2004), The business case for firm-level work-life balance policies a review of the literature. Retrieved from http//w.iaa.govt.nz/PDFs/FirmLevelWLB.pdf The Importance of Work-Life Initiatives Essay -- Human Resource monitor Work causes stress. Both men and women are working, raising a family, and going to school. Previously, women in the work force would take demotions or walk away from careers when having children. Today, families rely on a dual income. With both parents worki ng full time, while raising children, the relationship between work and home responsibilities are unbalanced. This unbalance creates stress for both the employee and the employer. Work-life balance is the need to provide a schedule that will combine work, family relationships, and leisure time into a satisfying life. Flexible work arrangements balance work and home responsibilities which helps employees deal with stress, motivates them, and empowers. Organizations need to assess workplace culture and provide mechanisms to support work-life balance that are mutually beneficial to both the organization and the employee. Individuals each have unique responsibilities that define the meaning of work-life balance. Employees in the workforce that fulfill family and work commitments have achieved a sense of work-life balance (The business imperative, 2009). The distinction between work and personal life used to be clear. Today, personal commitments suffer for lack of time and energy. Unfortunately, the demands of work outweigh the demands at home, because without work the home does not exist. The unbalanced work-life creates negative and disengaged employees. It costs the U.S. economy between $250 and $300 billion every year in lost productivity alone (Clifton & Rath, 2009). Organizations now realize their success directly relates to the moral of their employees. Organizations that demand complete loyalty and extensive overtime fi... ...ight%20q2%202009.pdfMcMahon, C., & Pocock, B. Australian Government, EOWA. (2011). Doing thingsdifferently Case studies of work-life innovation in six Australian workplaces. Retrieved from http//www.eowa.gov.au/Information_Centres/Resource_Centre/EOWA_Publications/University_of_SA_Case_Study/UniSA_Case%20Studies%20report_April2011.pdf Nixon, J. (n.d.). Work-life balance. In M. Simmering (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Business (2nd ed. pp. Tr-Z). Retrieved from http//www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/ Tr-Z/Work-Life-Balance.htmlSHRM. (2011). Shrm research spotlight Flexible work arrangements. Retrieved from http//www.shrm.org/research/surveyfindings/documents/11-workflexflier_final_rev.pdfYasbek, P. (2004), The business case for firm-level work-life balance policies a review of the literature. Retrieved from http//w.iaa.govt.nz/PDFs/FirmLevelWLB.pdf

Survey of American History Essay -- US History

Over the course of American history many radical movements grant forever changed the historical landscape of the United States of America. Since the offshoot of American history, radical movements have played an important role in bringing about change in U.S. indian lodge and the U.S. relationship with other countries. They have also experienced major failures and defeats. Major concrete achievements and failures of radical movements have been present in changing the mainstream of the society since the end of WWI. Radical movements such as, press/socialism, womens rights, civil rights and peace have played a significant role in the development of U.S. politics and society and forever changed the past, present and succeeding(a) of the United States of America. The Labor/Socialism movement, supported mainly by the lower classes was a prominent radical idea that manifested itself into American society slightly the culmination of WWI. The very fact that the Soviet Union, the revol utionary successor to Imperial Russia, was the first country to establish a Communist political and economic state was a major threat to the United States (Brown 4). Influenced by the Bolshevik revolution in Russia, the Socialist movement gained momentum from oppressed workers and thus managed to successfully run hundreds of candidates around the nation for several decades. The Socialist Movement was painstakingly organized by scores of former Populists, militant miners and blacklisted railroad workers, who were assisted by a rummy cadre of professional agitators and educators (Zinn 340). Socialism became extremely popular especially due to its endorsement by writers like Mark Twain, W.E.B. Dubois and Upton Sinclair as well its representation by Eugene Debs. With ... ... Great Society and Obamas health care reform came into existence. Without the socialism/labor movement the civil rights, womens rights and peace movements and their lasting impacts on society would never have happe ned.Works CitedBloom, Alexander, and Wini Breines. Takin it to the streets A Sixties Reader. 2nd ed. New York Oxford UP, 1995. Print.Brown, Archie. The Rise and Fall of Communism. New York Ecco, 2009. Print.Burkett, Elinor. Womens Movement. Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Encyclopdia Britannica. Web. 15 Dec. 2010. .Guttmann, Allen. Protest against the War in Vietnam. The recital of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 382.1 (1969) 56-63. Print.Zinn, Howard. A Peoples History of the United States 1492-present. New York HarperCollins, 1999. Print.

SAD in the Winter Essay -- Journalism Journalistic Essays

SAD in the WinterCould Seasonal Affective Disorder Be Disrupting the Lives of northeasterly Students?Becky Venne, a 31-year-old north graduate student, says she doesnt socialize much in the winter. In fact, she claims that she finds it hard to get out of bed and spends most of her day watching T.V., satisfying her cravings for carbohydrates and steady foods.Weve all experienced it at some point or another. The weather gets colder, the days become shorter, and no matter how much sleep you had the night before, you console feel tired. These, along with weight gain and feelings of sadness and lethargy are common during the winter months. But what happens when these feelings become debilitating, and begin affecting ones individualized life?There is a period of time that I think most people who have SAD realize there is much to it, verbalise Venne. It wasnt until I had some quiet time that I realized this isnt normal.What Venne is referring to is Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), a way disorder that more commonly affects people of all ages in the Northern regions of the Unites States.Although most people experience some forms of depression during the winter months, SAD is diagnosed when this change in mood becomes debilitating, causing a sever impact on the daily life of the individual.Venne says she was diagnosed with SAD about five years ago, shortly after she moved to Boston. She describes her diagnoses as a long, drawn out process, jumping from doctor to doctor, until finally she found the right psychopharmacologist. Dr. Elisa Castillo works at the Center For Counseling at Northeastern University, where she works with many students who have been diagnosed with SAD. She explained that there are... ...the answer to SAD? Castillo suggests seeking help through Counseling, such as the Center for Counseling and Student Development. The advocate center can provide support, help diagnose SAD, help with referrals to psychiatrists that have experience in this ar ea and follow up with students to make sure the manipulation is working, said Castillo.Castillo also says that it is important to learn how to manage winter, and can be difficult, especially if someone has moved from a warmer climate to Boston. She recommends finding slipway to exercise, socialize, and learn how to have fun both indoors and out.Venne agrees that it is important to find help if a person is experiencing symptoms of SAD.Once I was able to realize what the bother was, I was able gain some sort of control, said Venne. I just take one day at a time, and know that summertime is on its way.

Embracing Depression Essay -- Personal Narrative, essay about myself

We are all in the gutter, but more or less of us are looking at the stars. -- Oscar Wilde Perhaps I feel compelled to write on the subject of depression because it is a selfish disease. It seeps into every crevice of ones look it refuses to be ignored, to be relegated to some obscure corner of the mind. Perhaps Im writing about it because of what I take a shit learned about my relationship with the disease. Perhaps the condemnation has come when Im ready to stop cursing the depression and start embracing it. What Im about to say is terribly unfashionable, and I hope that you will forgive each offense that it may cause. In all truthfulness, Im glad that I have lived with depression as a companion. This statement does not imply that I have relished the grief and guilt the disease has borne. It does not mean that I have enjoyed the fits of despair, the self-imposed isolation, or the shared sorrow of my frie... ...effe, Ray Cha rles, Francis Ford Coppola, John Kenneth Galbraith, Soren Kierkegaard - I cant help but wonder if their accomplishments were not just in spite of, but partially because of, their illness. Oscar Wilde once wrote, We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking at the stars. I have reached a point in my life where I can concur with that sentiment. At last, I have realized that lying in the mud enhances the times when Ive set my heart with the stars.

Embracing Depression Essay -- Personal Narrative, essay about myself

We be all in the gutter, just some of us are facial expression at the stars. -- Oscar Wilde Perhaps I feel compelled to write on the subject of depression because it is a selfish disease. It seeps into every crevice of ones life it refuses to be ignored, to be relegated to some obscure corner of the mind. Perhaps Im writing about it because of what I have learned about my relationship with the disease. Perhaps the time has come when Im tack together to stop cursing the depression and start embracing it. What Im about to say is terribly unfashionable, and I hope that you will forgive any offense that it may cause. In all truthfulness, Im glad that I have lived with depression as a companion. This statement does not imply that I have relished the grief and ungodliness the disease has borne. It does not mean that I have enjoyed the fits of despair, the self-imposed isolation, or the shared sorrow of my frie... ...effe, Ray Cha rles, Francis Ford Coppola, John Kenneth Galbraith, Soren Kierkegaard - I cant help but wonder if their accomplishments were not just in spite of, but partially because of, their illness. Oscar Wilde once wrote, We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking at the stars. I have reached a point in my life where I can concur with that sentiment. At last, I have realized that lying in the mud enhances the times when Ive set my heart with the stars.

Insy 3270 Week 2 Chapter 2 Case on Case Essay

1. Describe the global economy forces that pushed creativity to move up the value chain.Creativity is one of the top five wholesale suppliers to national craft chains in the United States with 500 employees and for office and warehouse locations in California and one in Hong Kong. Studies are showing that the connection creativity has proven to outsource the manufacturing across Asia. Creativity is also found strong pipeline models that are capable of dealing with the current growing globalization and economy hardships. This model helps creativity save money, downsize, and purchase crafting material directly from the Asian manufacturers. The conjunction creativity uses a software from IBM called Cognos eight business intelligence suit. This software identifies high-value products that cannot be manufactured by low-cost overseas competitors. Cognos also determines which customers segments are or so profitable.2. What information did creativity use to boost his profits and remain s olvent?Creativity use the Cognos software and smarter software, smart forecast programs, to determine the need for more than design oriented, fashion oriented products. With this software creativity set for two shift his focus to fashion-based craft products. Creativity learn that if they shift its focus to fashion-based crafts the confederacy can receive up for the business that they loss in dealing with low costs crafting material market.Critical thought process question1. what role does chat play in creating saving for a multi-brand company like creative?Communication was a strong factor in building a company like creative. Communication Further the company in their futuristic goals. Thecommunication improvements that creativity set for their company helps safeguard against duplications of efforts. ironlike communication decreases accounting errors. Strong communication help decrease call center, weblogs, external sources, and sales rep errors.2. What lesson does creative s tory provide for U.S. businesses? What does this forecast for the global marketplace in world-wide?The story that the company creative really demonstrates how a business can transcend into a corporation. The short goals that creative set, the strategy plan that the company use are really strong tactics that any entrepreneur should take into consideration of using. Downsizing and shifting their focus on low costs, fashion-based, and high admit customer consumer product products really gave created a strong leverage nationally.Case 2Discussion questions1. What social and economic forces are causing the media attention to delineate its business model?Social economy factors in todays networking systems are being redefined because of short end transitions. Lots of advertising companies has accredited the cyberspace to be a powerful marketing tool. The Internet has proven to be a powerful marketing force that many small businesses are promptly turning to for digital media.2. What ch anges are those in the media industry making to adapt to their financial challenges?A few companies has resulted to layoffs, and replacing those employees with outsourced services from other companies.Critical thinking questions1. What risk to quality, if any, do media companies face when outsourcing editing and content creation to overseas countries?Cuts, are the acute risks to quality. Layoffs can cause quality towards the organization. Cutting expenses downsizing on ingredients and material is another form of quality reduction. Media companies are now Outsourcing editorial services and content creation. This form of outsourcing helps distinguish themselves from other companies.2. How does the centralized and outsourcing services and the media industry compared to centralizing and outsourcing and other businesses?Outsourcing involves contracting with outside professional services to meet specific business needs. Studies have shown that simple solutions like centralizing and outsou rcing operations to make up for lost revenue helps media industries as well as other small businesses. Centralizing and outsourcing services in the media industry involves a transition surrounded by advertising from public marketing to the Internet. Other small businesses are also using the same transition from newspaper, television advertisement to digital media..

Company Analysis Tim Hortons Essay

Tim Hortons is one of join Americas largest developers and franchisors of quick attend to restaurants with 4,485 system-wide restaurants as of year-end 2013 (Annual Report 2013). Tim Hortons is among the largest publicly-traded restaurant chains in North America based on market capitalization, and the largest in Canada by a wide measure. In Canada, they command an approximate 42% shargon of the quick service restaurant traffic. Tim Hortons Inc. has iconic brand status in Canada and strong consumer awareness in the U.S. market (Annual Report 2013). According to Ready Ratios (2014), the most important monetary ratios to assess a companys financial picture are 1. Debt to Equity Ratio= Total Liabilities / Shareholders Equity 2. Dividend Payout Ratio = Dividend per share / Total web Earnings 3. top on Equity= Net Income / Shareholders Equity4. Net Profit margin= Net Profit / Net salesDebt-to-Equity RatioThe debt-to-equity ratio is a quantification of companys financial leverage es timated by dividing the score liabilities by stockholders equity (Bruns 1992). This ratio indicates the proportion of equity and debt utilize by the company to finance its assets. It is really important to know about what the debt-to-income ratio number indicates. This number needs to be as low as possible. The less debt relative to the income indicates that a company is financially better off because there is extra money to apply towards future goals. Referring to Appendix B, Tim Hortons debt to equity ratio is at 0.34 and has been steady for the past six geezerhood. This shows that the corporation has available money on hand to apply toward their financial goals.Dividend Payout RatioThe dividend payout ratio is used to regard if a companys earnings pile support the current dividend payment amount. The statistic is calculated by taking the dividend and dividing it by the companys total net earnings (Bruns 1992). Investors usually seek a consistent and/or improving dividends pa yout ratio. The dividend payout ratio should not be too high. Growing companies will typically retain much profits to fund growth and pay lower or no dividends. Companies that pay higher dividends may be in advance industries where there is little room for growth and paying higher dividendsis the best use of profits.Dividends are paid in cash therefore, high dividend payout ratio can have implications for the cash management and liquidity of the company. According to Little, dividend payout ratios over 100% means that the company is paying out more to its shareholders than earnings received (2014). This is typically not a good recipe for the companys financial health it can be a sign that the dividend payment will be cut in the future. According to Appendix B, Tim Hortons dividend payout is at 38.52% and has been consistent over the previous five years. This shows that the corporation has been re-investing profits to meet their future financial goals.Return on Equity ( roe)The re turn on equity is the amount of net income returned as a plowshare of shareholders equity (Bruns 1992). The return on equity estimates the positiveness of a corporation by revealing the amount of profit generated by a company with the money invested by the shareholders. According to Kennon, a business that has a high return on equity is more likely to be one that is capable of generating cash internally (2014). The higher a companys return on equity compared to its industry, the better. According to Appendix B, Tim Hortons ROE is currently at 32.46%.The subsequent five years has shown similar percentages except for year 2010. The ROE was actually 53.29%. Looking at Appendix C, the ROE similitude between Tim Hortons and Dunkin Donuts shows that Dunkin Donuts has been making steady improvements during the past 5 years and as of year terminus 2013 has surpassed Tim Hortons ROE. According to Wong, Dunkin Donuts is the second largest coffee chain after Starbucks with over 7000 outlets , far ahead of Tim Hortons and the company is preparing to expand to the western U.S. (28 August 2014).Net Profit MarginThe net profit margin is a number which indicates the efficiency of a company at its cost control (Bruns 1992). The profit margin ratio shows what percentage of sales are left over after all expenses are paid by the business. A higher net profit margin shows more efficiency of the company at converting its revenue into actual profit. This ratio is a good way of making comparisons between companies in the same industry, because similar companies are often subject to similar business conditions. Tim Hortons netprofit margin for year 2013 was at 13.04% and for the previous 5 years has been stable (Appendix B). A comparison between Tim Hortons and Dunkin Donuts (Appendix D), shows that Tim Hortons net profit margin for 2013 was approximately 7% lower than Dunkin Donuts. While Tim Hortons has had a steady profit margin, Dunkin Donuts has increased their profit margin by 14% over the last five years.ConclusionReviewing the ratios that were presented indicate that Tim Hortons has been a stable profitable company. Their debt to equity ratio has been consistently low, dividend payout ratio has been steady at 38%, return on equity has been consistently between 30 and 50% and the net profit margin has been constant at 13% (appendix B). A review of appendix B shows that the ratios presented have been consistent however, on August 27 2014 Burger King announced that a deal had been reached to buy the Canadian ring chain (Isidore & Sahadi, August 2014). Many have speculated that the main reason for the merger was to reduce the business taxes paid by the corporation. Looking into the future, the Burger King acquisition may hurt the financial stability of Tim Hortons in the U.S. markets due to loyalty. I think the merger between the two corporations will take a few years to solidify. Until then I would invest due to the constant stability of the company fina ncials and re-evaluate after a year.

Child Labour: Responses from Different Industries in the Developing World Essay

In this piece of work it will be asserted that babe labour in developing countries is a contentious and challenging topic. Child labour issues are highlighted in context with two different industries. On one side, Bhukuth and Ballet (2006) hear the manipulation of parents in pushing their sisterren to work, in order to increase family productivity in a brick kiln industry in India and on the other side, Winstanley et al. 2002) observe a subtle involvement of a sports footwear manufacturing industry in Vietnam dealing with child labour issues and thwarting them. Winstanley et al. in their study (2002 p. 214) refer to the work of fairy and Marcus (2000), according to whom, child labour incorporates elements of exploitative and hazardous work that is harmful to children because it prevents them from getting an education, damages their health, subjects them to physical, sexual or emotional abuse or exploits them in other ways.This subjective belief has been recognised by the study c onducted by Bhukuth and Ballet (2006) in which they argue about the parental cognizance regarding their children working with them, providing an bare(a) incentive in their household remuneration and preventing the household from falling into bondage. Moulding bricks in hazardous conditions in a brick kiln industry, children are forced to work for big hours making them devoid of elementary education and also, severely affecting their mental and physical health.Bhukuth and Ballet (2006) emphasise in their study, that, child labour cannot be argued as a substitute for pornographic labour because the output generated by the latter one is much higher than the former one. Extending beyond organisational, national and cultural boundaries it is seemly extremely difficult to regulate human rights and child labour issues in the developing world. Winstanley et al. (2002) head whether national government and nation states are responsible for calorie-free regulation of human rights at wor k place?Bhukuth and Ballet (2006) in their study perceive that employers hire brokers who play an important role in the recruitment of labours in the brick kiln industry in India. A peculiar trend of recruitment is detect by Bhukuth and Ballet (2006) in which brokers recruit only couple of adult composed of a man and his wife, or two men, rarely two women. A man alone is never recruited. Considering all these conditions, parents usually take their children with them at work, and children eventually end up working with their parents.The extra money pays off their debts and increases their slewing power in the market. So, child labour becomes a mean to bargain higher amount of advance. The recruitment policy mentioned in this case can be argued to be biased. Bhukuth and Ballet (2006) quotes illiteracy among people and especially, in case of parents, as one of the major factors bloating this social evil. No measures have been taken in such artisan industries to eliminate child labou r, but, in fact, a general perception has been designed according to which, child labour is clearly complementary to adult labour.On the contrary, Winstanley et al. (2002) in their study of a sports footwear manufacturing compevery called Adidas-Salomon observe an diligent involvement of the company in averting human rights and child labour issues by adopting a mixed approach of disengagement and engagement strategy. As observed by Winstanley et al. (2002), the company opted more of disengagement approach but not in terms of disengaging factories and countries, but child labour, by establishing Department of Social andenvironmental Affairs with a mission of enhancing its brand by promoting socially responsible, safe and environmentally sustainable practices for the company and its business partners. Going beyond merely exigent regulation and monitoring, Adidas tried counter-attacking the child labour problem by formulating a Code of Conduct known as Standards of Engagement (SOE) u nder which educational programmes for minor(ip) workers (below 14 years) were organised in the factory itself whilst continuing to pay them basic wage and providing them day meal (Winstanley et al. , 2002).Taking into account what Winstanley et al. (2002) perceived from their study, a question can be raised that, if companies would provide such a productive atmosphere to underage workers then many parents will push their children to work in factories, thereby, boosting child labour. On the other hand, Basu and Van (1998) suggest that policy implications of banning child labour in domestic sector as well as in home- based enterprise like the brick kiln industry, which is indeed a market oriented sector, will prove to be inefficient (in Bhukuth and Ballet, 2006 p. 5).If the policies are regulated and child labour is banned in the industry, a deep negative impact will be observed on the deprived strata of society who believe that child labour can prevent their family from falling into a dynamic process of debt bondage. Winstanley et al. (2002) and Bhukuth and Ballet (2006) agree on the point that NGOs can play a drivers role in solving the problem of bondage and child labour by providing elementary education to children and non-formal education to parents, so that they can monitor their accounts and prevent any chances of cheating while clearing debts.Winstanley et al. (2002) attendant this notion by mentioning the intensive role played by a US-based NGO hired by Adidas and the locals with say aims and objectives to eliminate child labour. Winstanley et al. (2002) also summarise the impact of media which has spawned a plethora of information that has divulged the concealed areas in this milieu. Conclusively, Bhukuth and Ballet (2006) and Winstanley et al. (2002) have endeavoured to investigate the industrial ethics in context with child labour.The role of NGOs along with a significant support from the locals in solving the problem of child labour is well bac k up here. There are certain areas which remain unexplored like the after effects of child labour on a child, reason for inactive support from the central or state government in jettisoning child labour etc. I strongly agree with Winstanley et al. (2002) vis-a-vis media acquiring the centre format in creating awareness amongst people and drawing a strong reaction from society, consumers and producers to tackle the bottom line of exploitation.

Oceans Carrier Case

Substantive IssueOcean Carriers is a shipping company evaluating a proposed lease of a ship for a three- course of study period to a customer, beginning in 2003. The proposed leasing get hold of offers very attractive terms, but no ship in Ocean Carriers current fleet meets the customers requirements. The firm mustiness decide if future expected cash flows warrant the considerable investment in a new ship. Objective of Case Assignment To provide your group an opportunity to discharge a capital budgeting decision.That is, to develop an understanding of how discounted cash flow analysis can be used to make investment and corporal policy decisions.Assignment Questions Do you expect daily spot hire set outs to increase or decrease next year, and why? (This question should also yell what factors appear to drive average daily hire rates. )What is the live of the new ship in familiarize grade terms? The companys be of capital (i. e. , discount rate) is 9%.What are the expected ca sh flows for each year? (You are expected to setup an Excel spreadsheet to answer this question.What is the net present value (i. e. , net cash flow overall) for the investment in the ship?Should Ms. Linn purchase the $39MM ship?What do you think of the companys policy of not operating ships over 15 years old?Additional Notes to Finance ProjectA. Event Year 0 (on the Excel template) equals the year 2000. This means 2000 is the current year of the case, also stated as period (n) = 0.B. Based on the above, next year in Question 1 would then be the year 2001.C. When cypher days in the year, use 365 (i. e. , ignore leap years).D. The initial investment in net working capital of $500,000 (p. 5 of case) occurs at the end of 2002 in force(p) before the ship is ready for use at the start of 2003. Net working capital defined current assets minus current liabilities the net substance of a companys liquid resources (i. e. , operational buffer). contdE. Capital Expenditures (Exhibit I, p. 2 o f case) extend the deportment and/or productivity of an assetthey are not a tax deductible expense in the year they occur. Therefore, they become part of the assets cost and must be depreciated over their estimated useful life (5 years). Assume the capital expenditures occur at the end of the years noted in Exhibit I. For example, $300,000 cash outflow in 2007. This means you cannot include the cost of the capital expenditure in your annual depreciation expense calculation until the next year (2008).F. Your annual Depreciation expense calculation should be as follows Original cost of Ship Salvage value + Cost of Capital Expenditure__ Estimated useful life of Ship Estimated useful life of Capital ExpenditureG. Salvage value of the ship at the end of 15 years is noted in the case. Salvage value is zero at the end of 25 years.H. Tax rate = 35%I. After-tax proceeds from sale of asset = Selling Price Tax Rate x (Selling Price Book Value)J. Round all calculations to the nearest dollar .K. If you need to make any assumptions, clearly state your assumptions in your paper.

John Gotti Received More Publicity Any Crime Figure

Differential Association surmise Differential linkup scheme was Sutherlands major sociological contri un littleion to criminology similar in importance to variance guess and social control system. These theories all explain optical aberration in term of the individuals social relationships. Sutherlands supposition departs from the pathological perspective and biological perspective by attributing the cause of crime to the social context of individuals. He pass uped biological determinism and the positive individualism of psychiatry, as well as economic explanations of crime.His search for an alternative understanding of crime led to the development of diametricalial association theory. In furrow to both classical and biological theories, differential association theory poses no obvious threats to the humane treatment of those identified as criminals. (Gaylord, 19881) The principle of differential association asserts that a person becomes dilapidated because of an exc ess of definitions favorable to invasion of law over definitions unfavorable to violation of law.In other word, criminal fashion emerges when one is open to more social message favoring conduct than prosocial messages (Sutherland, 1947). Sutherland argued that the concept of differential association and differential social organization could be applied to the individual level and to accrual (or group) level respectively. While differential association theory explains why any individual gravitates toward criminal corroborateing, differential social organization explains why crime place of different social entities different from individually others.The first explicit statement of the theory of differential association appears in the 1939 chance variable of Principles of Criminology and in the fourth edition of it, he presented his final theory. His theory has 9 basic postulates. 1. Criminal carriage is learned. This bureau that criminal behavior is not inherited, as such also the person who is not already trained in crime does not invent criminal behavior. 2. Criminal behavior is learned in interaction with other persons in a process of communication. This communication is verbal in numerous cases but includes gestures. 3.The principal part of the acquisition of criminal behavior occurs within intimate own(prenominal) groups. Negatively, this means the impersonal communication, such as movies or newspaper play a relatively unimportant part in committing criminal behavior. 4. When criminal behavior is learned, the learning includes (a) techniques of committing the crime, which be fewtimes legitimate simple (b) the specific direction of motives, drives, rationalizations, and attitudes. 5. The specific direction of the motives and drives is learned from definitions of the legal codes as favorable or unfavorable.This different context of situation usually is found in US where culture conflict in relation to the legal code exists. 6. A person be comes delinquent because of an excess of definitions favorable to violation of law over definitions unfavorable to violation of law. This is the principle of differential association. When plurality become criminal, they do so not simply because of fall into places with criminal patterns but also because of isolation from anticriminal patterns. Negatively, this means that association which ar neutral so far as crime is concerned go through weeny or no effect on the genesis of criminal behavior. . Differential association whitethorn vary in frequency, duration, priority, and intensity. Priority seems to be important chiefly through its selective influence and intensity has to do with such things as the prestige of the source of a criminal or anticriminal pattern and with emotional reactions related to to the association. These modalities would be rated in quantitative form and mathematical ratio but development of formula in this sense has not been developed and would be rat tling difficult. 8.The process of learning criminal behavior by association with criminal and anti-criminal patterns involves all of the mechanisms that ar involved in any other learning. Negatively, this means that the learning of criminal behavior is not restricted to the process of imitation. A person who is seduced, for instance, learns criminal behavior by association, but this would not be ordinarily expound as imitation. 9. While criminal behavior is an expression of general needs and values, it is not explained by those general needs and values since non-criminal behavior is an expression of the like needs and values.Thieves generally steal in order to secure money, but likewise honest laborers work in order to money. The attempts to explain criminal behavior by general drives and values such as the money motive have been, and must exclusively to be, futile, since they explain lawful behavior as alone as they explain criminal behavior. They ar similar to respiration, w hich is necessary for any behavior, but which does not differentiate criminal from noncriminal behavior. (Sutherland, 1974 75-76)In summary, he believed that an individuals associations are determined in a general context of social organization (for instance, family income as a factor of determining residence of family and in many cases, sin rate is largely related to the rental value of houses) and thus differential group organization as an explanation of various crime rates is conformable with the differential association theory. (Sutherland, 1974 77) Much of Sutherlands theory relied upon the work of Chicago school theorists, Shaw and McKay (1931,1969).According to Shaw and McKay, they found that depravity rates increased as one move away from the center of the city, and ecological rates of delinquency remained stable over generations despite a complete turnover of ethnic composition and social disarrangement explained the high rates of delinquency in the inner-city. (Matsu eda 1988 280) As a matter of fact, this statement requires qualification because once you pass through the zone in transition, delinquency rates drop as you move out towards the suburbs.Criticism and Contemporary Views Many criticized Sutherlands differential association theory supporters argued that criticism frequently resulted from misinterpretation of Sutherlands theory. Donald R. Cressey argued persuasively that many of the critiques were simply literary errors or misinterpretation on the part of the critics. For example, the theory was judged by critics to be invalid because not everyone who had come into contact with criminals became criminal as a result.This misinterprets the theorys proposition that criminal behavior is learned through differential association (relative exposure to criminal and noncriminal patterns) not simply through any contact with persons who have violated the law. (Akers 1996229) However, Cressey also pointed out two major weaknesses of Sutherlands th eory. the first problem was that the concept of definitions in the theory was not precisely defined, and the statement did not give good guidance on how to operationalize the ratio or excess of definitions favorable to criminal behavior over definitions unfavorable to criminal behavior.The second real problem was that it left the learning process unspecified. There is virtually no clue in Sutherlands theory as to what in particular would be include in all the mechanisms that are involved in any of other learning (Akers 1996229-230) Another important criticism argued that Sutherlands theory is a cultural deviance theory as a way of showing that it made wrong presumptions about human behavior and the role of culture in deviant behavior. Matsueda (1988) believed it reduces his (Sutherlands) theory to a caricature and Bernard objected to the way in which the cultural deviance label has been applied to the original differential association and social learning revision(Bernard and Snipes, 1995 Vold and Bernard, 1986 227-229) and Akers denies this criticism as another misinterpretation of Sutherlands theory According to this critique, differential association/social learning theory rests on the confidence that socialization is completely prosperous and that cultural variability is unlimited, cannot explain individual differences in deviance within the same group and applies only to group differences, has no way of explaining violation of norms to which the individual subscribes, and proposes culture as the single cause of crime. I conclude that the usual attribution of cultural deviance assumptions and explanation to differential association is found on misinterpretations. (Akers 1996229) Merton systemLike many sociological theories of crime, Robert Mertons strain/anomie theory has advanced following the work of Emile Durkheim. In Mertons theory anomie is very similar to the very meaning of the word strain, as he proposed anomie to be a situation in which societ ies inadvertently bring to bear pressure, or strain, on individuals that can entice to rule-breaking behavior. This pressure, or strain if you go forth, is caused by the discrepancy between culturally defined goals and the institutionalized means available to achieve these goals. To beautify this Merton argues that the dominant cultural goal in the U. S is the acquisition of wealth, as a message was depicted that happiness often equated with material success which is often associated with wealth.The socially accepted institutionalized manner of achieving these material goals was believed to be hard work and education, meaning it is widely believed that people who apply themselves to study and work result succeed financially and that those who do not succeed are labeled as either lazy or defective. According to Merton, the problem with this type of caller is that the legitimate means for achieving material success are not uniformly distributed. In other words, those from wealthi er backgrounds have considerably more access to legitimate means than do those who are economically disadvantaged. As a yield, anomie, or strain, is generated and produces certain modes of adaptation, or (simply put) coping strategies, that the disadvantaged use to deal with the pressures that are brought to bear on them. Merton identifies five modes of adaptation conformity, innovation, retreatism, ritualism, and rebellion.According to Merton, the innovator is the most likely to engage in criminal behavior, as the innovator accepts the socially recognized goals of society, but reject the legitimate means to achieve these goals. Consequently, the innovator uses proceeds from crimes such as fraud, theft, and illegal medicine dealing to access culturally defined goals. Critique of dividing line/anomie theory Although Mertons tune theory continues to play a role in the sociological theorization of crime today, there are limitations to this theory of crime that have been identified. The first critique of this theory, put forth by Albert Cohen, speak toed the fact that there is an ample amount of crime/delinquent behavior that is non-utilitarian, malicious, and negativistic (OGrady, 2011), which highlights that not all crimes are explicable using Mertons theory.Although Merton could explain crimes such as fraud and theft on the basis of innovation, he is otiose to explain youth crimes that are often engaged in for social status rather than material acquisition. Furthermore, Strain/Anomie theory fails to adequately address issues such as race and gender. Additionally, Strain/Anomie theory is unable to explain the phenomena of white collar crime. edit Robert DubinRobert Dubin (1959) viewed deviance as a function of society, disputing the assumption that the deviant adaptations to situations of anomie are necessarily harmful to society. For example, an individual in the ritualistic adaptation is still playing by the rules and taking part in society. The only devi ance lies in abandoning one or more of its culturally prescribed goals.Dubin argued that Mertons focus on the relationship between societys stress goals, and institutionalized prescribed means was inadequate. Dubin felt that a further distinction should be made between cultural goals, institutional means and institutional norms because individuals encompass norms subjectively, interpreting them and acting upon them differently. The personal educational experiences, values, and attitudes may predispose an individual to internalize a norm one way. Another individual with different experiences may legitimately internalize the same norm differently. Both may be acting rationally in their own terms, but the resulting behaviour is different.Dubin also prolonged Mertons typology to fourteen, with particular interest in Innovation and Ritualism. Merton proposed that the innovative response to strain was accepting the goal, but rejecting the institutionally prescribed means of achieving t he goal. The implication seemed to be that that not only did the individual reject the means, he must actively innovate illegitimate means as a substitute which would not ceaselessly be true. Dubin also thought that a distinction should be made between the material behaviour of the actor and the values that drove the behaviour. Instead of Innovation, Dubin proposed behavioral Innovation and Value Innovation.Similarly, in Ritualism, he proposed Behavioural Ritualism and Value Ritualism (Dubin, 1959 147-149). Merton (1959 177-189) commented on Dubins revisions, claiming that although Dubin did make valid contributions, they took the focus off deviancy. edit Robert AgnewIn 1992, Robert Agnew asserted that strain theory could be central in explaining crime and deviance, but that it needed revision so that it was not tied to social class or cultural variables, but re-focused on norms. To this end, Agnew proposed a general strain theory that is neither structural nor interpersonal but rather individual and emotional, paying especial attention to an individuals agile social environment.He argued that an individuals certain or anticipated failure to achieve positively valued goals, actual or anticipated removal of positively valued stimuli, and actual or anticipated presentation of negative stimuli all result in strain. Anger and frustration confirm negative relationships. The resulting behavior patterns will often be characterized by more than their share of unilateral action because an individual will have a natural desire to avoid unpleasant rejections, and these unilateral actions (especially when antisocial) will further contribute to an individuals alienation from society. If particular rejections are generalized into feelings that the environment is unsupportive, more strongly negative emotions may motivate the individual to engage in crime.This is most likely to be true for younger individuals, and Agnew suggested that research focus on the magnitude, rec ency, duration, and clustering of such strain-related events to determine whether a person lots with strain in a criminal or conforming manner. Temperament, intelligence, interpersonal skills, self-efficacy, the presence of conventional social support, and the absence of association with antisocial (e. g. , criminally inclined) age and status peers are chief among the factors Agnew identified as beneficial. edit Akers operationalization of Agnews theory Sources of strainAkers (2000 159) has operationalized Agnews version of the Strain Theory, as follows Failure to achieve positively valued goals he gap between expectations and actual achievements will derive from short- and long-term personal goals, and some of those goals will never be realized because of unavoidable circumstances including both inherent weaknesses and opportunities blocked by others and the difference between the view of what a person believes the outcome should be and what actually results increases personal dis appointment. Frustration is not necessarily due to any after-school(prenominal) interference with valued goals, but a direct effect on anger, and has indirect effects on serious crime and aggression. Agnew and White (1992) have produced verifiable evidence suggesting that general strain theory was positively able to relate delinquents and drug users, and that the strongest effect on the delinquents studied was the delinquency of their peers.They were interested in drug use because it did not appear to represent an attempt to direct anger or escape pain, but is used primarily to manage the negative concern caused by strain. Up to this point, strain theory had been concerned with types of strain rather than sources of strain whereas the stress of events can be shown to interfere with the achievement of natural expectations or just and fair outcomes. These may be significant events or minor hassles that accumulate and demoralize over time. Frustration leads to dissatisfaction, rese ntment, and anger all the emotions customarily associated with strain in criminology. It is natural for individuals to feel distress when they are denied just rewards for their efforts when compared to the efforts and rewards given to similar others for similar outcomes.Agnew (1992) treats anger as the most critical emotion since it is secretively always directed outwards and is often related to breakdowns in relationships. explore shows that the stress/crime relationship appears to hold regardless of guilt feelings, age, and capacity to cope when events occur concurrently or in close succession. edit Zhang JieThe strain theory of suicide postulates that suicide is usually preceded by psychological strains. A psychological strain is formed by at least two stresses or pressures, pushing the individual to different directions. A strain can be a consequence of any of the four conflicts differential values, discrepancy between ingestion and macrocosm, relative deprivation, and la ck of coping skills for a crisis.Psychological strains in the form of all the four sources have been tested and supported with a sample of suicide notes in the United States and in rural China through psychological autopsy studies. The strain theory of suicide forms a challenge to the psychiatric model popular among the suicidologists in the world. The strain theory of suicide is based on the theoretical frameworks established by previous sociologists, e. g. Durkheim (1951), Merton (1957), and Agnew (2006), and preliminary tests have been accomplished with some American (Zhang and Lester 2008) and Chinese data (Zhang 2010 Zhang, Dong, Delprino, and Zhou 2009 Zhang, Wieczorek, Conwell, and Tu 2011).There could be four types of strain that precede a suicide, and each can be derived from specific sources. A source of strain must consist of two, and at least two, irrelevant social facts. If the two social facts are non-contradictory, there would be no strain. Strain Source 1 Differenti al Values When two conflicting social values or beliefs are competing in an individuals daily life, the person experiences value strain. The two conflicting social facts are competing personal beliefs internalized in the persons value system. A cult member may experience strain if the mainstream culture and the cult religion are both considered important in the cult members daily life.Other examples include the second generation of immigrants in the United States who have to abide by the ethnic culture rules enforced in the family while simultaneously adapting to the American culture with peers and school. In China, rural young women appreciate gender egalitarianism advocated by the communist government, but at the same time, they are trap in cultural sexual discrimination as traditionally cultivated by Confucianism. Another example that might be found in create countries is the differential values of traditional collectivism and modern individualism. When the two conflicting value s are taken as equally important in a persons daily life, the person experiences great strain. When one value is more important than the other, there is then little or no strain. Strain Source 2 Reality vs. AspirationIf there is a discrepancy between an individuals aspiration or a high goal and the macrocosm the person has to embody with, the person experiences aspiration strain. The two conflicting social facts are ones splendid ideal or goal and the reality that may prevent one from achieving it. An individual living in the United States expects to be very rich or at least moderately successful as other Americans do, but in reality the means to achieve the goal is not equally available to the person because of his/her social status or any other reasons. Aspirations or goals can be a college a person aims to get in, an ideal girl a boy wants to marry, and a policy-making cause a person strives for, etc. If the reality is far from the aspiration, the person experiences strain. An other example might be from rural China.A young woman plan to equal opportunity and equal treatment may have to live within the traditional and Confucian reality, exemplified by her family and village, which interferes with that goal. The larger the discrepancy between aspiration and reality, the greater the strain will be. Strain Source 3 Relative Deprivation In the situation where an extremely economically poor individual realizes some other people of the same or similar background are leading a much better life, the person experiences deprivation strain. The two conflicting social facts are ones own miserable life and the perceived richness of comparative others. A person living in inviolable poverty, where there is no comparison with others, does not necessarily feel bad, miserable, or deprived.On the other hand, if the same poor person understands that other people like him/her live a better life, he or she may feel deprived because of these circumstances. In an economically polarized society where the rich and poor live geographically close to each other, people are more likely to feel this discrepancy. In todays rural China, television, newspaper, magazines, and radio have brought home to rural youths how relatively affluent urban life is. Additionally, those young people who went to work in the cities (dagong) and returned to the village during holidays with luxury materials and exciting stories make the relative deprivation even more realistically perceived. Increased perception of deprivation indicates relatively greater strain for individuals. Strain Source 4 Deficient CopingFacing a life crisis, some individuals are not able to cope with it, and then they experience coping strain. The two conflicting social facts are life crisis and the appropriate coping capacity. All people who have experienced crises do not experience strain. A crisis may be a pressure or stress in daily life, and those individuals who are not able to cope with the crisis have strain. Such crises as loss of money, loss of status, loss of face, divorce, death of a loved one, etc. may lead to serious strain in the person who does not know how to cope with these negative life events. A high school boy who is constantly bullied and ridiculed by peers may experience great strain if he does not know how to deal with the situation.Likewise, a Chinese rural young woman who is frequently wronged by her mother-in-law may have strain if she is not psychologically ready to cope with a different situation by seeking support from other family members and the village. The less capable the coping skills, the stronger the strain when a crisis takes place. edit ReferencesOGrady W. (2011). Crime in Canadian Context. Strain/anomie theory 92-94 Agnew, R. (1992). Foundation for a General Strain Theory. Criminology 30(1), 47-87 Agnew, R. & White, H. (1992). An empiric Test of General Strain Theory. Criminology 30(4) 475-99. Agnew, R. (1997). The Nature and Determinants of Strain Another Look at Durkheim and Merton. Pp. 7-51 in The Future of Anomie Theory, edited by R. Agnew and N. Passas. Boston northeast University Press. Agnew, R. (2009). Revitalizing Merton General Strain Theory. Advances in criminological Theory The Origins of American Criminology, Volume 16, edited by F. T. Cullen, F. Adler, C. L. Johnson, and A. J. Meyer. New Brunswick, NJ Transaction. Akers, R. (2000). Criminological Theories Introduction, Evaluation, and Application. Los Angeles Roxbury. Cloward, R. (1959). Illegitimate Means, Anomie and Deviant Behavior. American Sociological study 24(2) 164- 76. Cloward, R. & Ohlin, L. (1960). Delinquency and Opportunity. NY Free Press. Cohen, A. (1955). Delinquent Boys.NY Free Press. Cohen, A. (1965). The Sociology of the Deviant Act Anomie Theory and Beyond. American Sociological brush up 30 5-14. Cohen, A. (1977). The Concept of Criminal Organization. British Journal of Criminology 17 97-111. Dubin, R. (1959) Deviant Behavior and Social Structure Continuities in Social Theory. American Sociological Review 24147-163. Durkheim, E. (1897/1997). self-destruction. NY Free Press. Featherstone, R. & Deflem, M. (2003). Anomie and Strain Context and Consequences of Mertons Two Theories. Sociological Inquiry 73(4)471-489. Hirschi, T. (1969). Causes of Delinquency. Berkeley University of California Press.Marwah, Sanjay, and Mathieu Deflem. 2006. Revisiting Merton Continuities in the Theory of Anomie-and-Opportunity-Structures. Pp. 57-76 in Sociological Theory and Criminological Research Views from Europe and the United States, ed. M. Deflem. Amsterdam Elsevier/JAI Press. Messner, S Rosenfeld, R. (1994). Crime and the American Dream. Belmont Wadsworth. Polk, K. (1969). Class, Strain and Rebellion Among Adolescents. Social Problems 17 214-24. Polk, K. , Schafer, W. (eds. ). (1972). Schools and Delinquency. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall. Agnew, Robert. 2006. General Strain Theory Current Status and Directions for Further Research. Pp. 01-123 in Taking Stock The Status of Criminological Theory-Advances in Criminological Theory, edited by F. T. Cullen, J. P. Wright, and K. Blevins. New Brunswick, NJ Transaction. Durkheim, Emile. 1951. self-destruction A Study in Sociology. New York Free Press (Original work published in 1897). IOM, (Institute of Medicine). 2002. Reducing suicide An American imperative. Washington, D. C. National Academy Press. Mann, J. J. , C. Waternaux, G. L. Haas, and K. M. Malone. 1999. Toward a clinical model of suicidal behavior in psychiatric patients. American Journal of Psychiatry 156181-189. Merton, R. K. 1957. Social Theory and Social Structure, rev. ed. New York Free Press. NIMH. 2003.Research on Reduction and Prevention of Suicidality National Institute of Mental Health. Phillips, Michael R, Gonghuan Yang, Yanping Zhang, L. Wang, H. Ji, and M. Zhou. 2002. Risk factors for suicide in China a national case-control psychological autopsy study. The Lancet 36017 28-1736. Spitzer, R. L. , J. B. W. Williams, M. Gibbon, and A. B. First. 1988. pedagogics Manual for the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID, 6/1/88 Revision). New York Biometrics Research Department, New York State Psychiatric Institute. Zhang, Jie. 2010. Marriage and Suicide among Chinese Rural Young Women. Social Forces 89311-326. Zhang, Jie, Nini Dong, Robert Delprino, and Li Zhou. 2009. Psychological Strains Found From In-Depth Interviews With 105 Chinese Rural Youth Suicides. Archives of Suicide Research 13185 194. Zhang, Jie and Shenghua Jin. 1998. Interpersonal relations and suicide ideation in China. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs 12479-94. Zhang, Jie and David Lester. 2008. Psychological Tensions Found in Suicide Notes A Test for the Strain Theory of Suicide. Archives of Suicide Research 1267-73. Zhang, Jie, William F. Wieczorek, Yeates Conwell, and Xin Ming Tu. 2011. Psychological strains and youth suicide in rural China. Social Sc ience & Medicine 722003-2010. Zhang, Jie. 2000. Gender differences in athletic performance and their

Emerging Markets: Brazil Case Study Essay

I. Summary brazils countrified advantage stems from its extensive natural resources. The nations competitors either practice more supplies or more time in order to yield an amount that rump rival Brazils production. Although every other country desires the agricultural production capable of Brazil, Brazils government is determined to invest in industrialization in order to modernize its economy. While Brazil has a large amount of natural resources available for use, its government must provide the funding of the growing industrialization, to include energy, materials, and increased employee earnings.II. ProblemBrazils success in agriculture is attributed to vast lands, diverse climates, and a large population pool for labor (Brazil Agribusiness say Q4 2013, 2013). Without regard to its solid bum in agriculture, the Brazilian government is attempting to modernize the economy through industrialization. Alongside this movement comes the Brazil cost the increased operating cost o f energy, crude materials, and wages. Also, in addition to paying more to industrialize, the government compensates domestic, uncompetitive industries enabling the theory of protectionism.III. Effective Solutions/StrategiesIn response to Brazilian President Dilma Rousseffs desires to become a world-class manufacturing base, the country can reassess its comparative advantage in agriculture and redirect resources solely to those businesses. harmonise to Brazil Agribusiness Report Q4 2013, its agricultural production is yielding lower than expected numbers with respect to international standards and, therefore, still has potential for growth. Alternatively, Brazil can strategize by addressing agricultural weaknesses via industrialization. First, seize the opportunity to grow and re-attack infrastructure to promote expansion and competition.Then, allow for raised incomes, as they pull up stakes decrease farmers debts and allow for reinvestment in the economy. Finally, although the Brazil cost will bear in the short-term, a higher-paid population will result in a hygienic environmentproducing greater quality of products. Therefore, previously instated non-tariff barriers due to health concerns will decrease allowing for a greater degree of expansion.IV. Questions for DiscussionWhy is Brazils agriculture so competitive? Why do its manufacturing industries lack competitiveness? Brazils agriculture is competitive because its environment contains natural and inexpensive resources that other nations would have to spend extra time and money to produce or acquire. Furthermore, Brazil gained a distinctive comparative advantage in agriculture and livestock by doing away with nontariff barriers and reducing import tariffs on similar products other countries were trying to bring into the country (Brazil Economic background, 2006). With regard to underdeveloped manufacturing industries, Brazil lacks competitiveness for the same reason its agricultural competitors fall s hort. The Brazil cost of energy, raw materials, and wages is exponential compared to another nation primed to capitalize on manufacturing. As a result, domestic industrial products are costly compared to international competitors so consumers will frequent the competitor. Why have Brazils governments in both the 20th and 21st century been eager to develop world-class manufacturing? According to the closing case, the Brazilian government seeks to modernize its economy through world-class manufacturing.I would argue that the core reason is to achieve globalization through a combination of manufacturing and agriculture. Employing globalization means greater economic growth and standards of living, as well as attracting numerous low-end manufacturing jobs. Therefore, by modernizing its economy, Brazil fortifies its potential as a developed economy, which could launch it onto the global platform for competition in industry. How can Brazil shift some of its resources from uncompetitive in dustries to competitive industries? Via resource mobility, Brazil can shift resources used in uncompetitive industries to competitive industries in order to bolster the competitive industries potential. Furthermore, the government can shift strategic intervention and subsidies from uncompetitive industries to competitive industries.ON ETHICS While President Rousseffs critics accuse her of ignoring Brazils lack of comparative advantage in manufacturing, her supporters argue that her policies index Brazil to reduce its dependence onforeign-made manufacturing goods. If you were to participate in this debate, which side would you be on? I would be on the side of her supporters. Through research, I have found that Brazil has extraordinary potential to grow its agricultural sectors through industrialization. By reducing manufacturing imports and producing and employing its own industrial products, Brazil not solitary(prenominal) increases domestic income and the standard of living, but also solidifies the nations comparative advantage in agriculture. Although, I will say that finding the balance amongst directing resources towards industry versus agriculture will be a delicate quest.ReferencesBrazil Economic background. (2006). (). New York The Economist Intelligence Unit. Retrieved from http//search.proquest.com.ezproxy.libproxy.db.erau.edu/docview/466598073?accountid=27203 Brazil Agribusiness Report Q4 2013. (2013). (). London Business Monitor International. Retrieved from http//search.proquest.com.ezproxy.libproxy.db.erau.edu/docview/1436333107?accountid=27203

Influence of tv on children Essay

Television has come a gigantic way since its invention in the 1900s. People around the world consider got to witness many a nonher(prenominal) historical events such as, the first man to walk on the moon, to even the inauguration of our first Afri cease Ameri disregard president. Although there were many massive moments in history viewed on television, not many of the programs offered on stations are valuable.There have been many arguments on whether or not television has been a good influence on our children. I feel there are many advantages and disadvantages to television. But sometimes, television may not unendingly be a good source of information for children and their development. There is also no excuse to use television to babysit children. Children become affected from over icon to television. I feel television is fine if viewed in moderation. There are many alternative activities we can do instead of sitting on our shed and get winding pointless shows.The usefulness of television has been a very controversial argument over the years. I feel there are a wad of both positive and negative properties about television. The positive side of television, there are many educational programs that swear out inform us. The news channel is an delicate example of such. News broadcasts can tell us about disasters that may have occurred, weather forecasts, and current events. Children may also watch shows that help with training basics. Another pro is the integration of culture into our society.However, with the pros come many negative effects. Spending too much time watching television, consumes the precious time that can be spent in productive and healthy activities like exercise or reading. It also uses up the time that you can spend interacting with your family and friend. Children today watch television for long periods. The dependence to television deprives them of their time to play. It would be better for children to involve themselves in physical activities during the evenings instead of sitting inactively.Physical activities can help them live a healthier emotional state. In addition, watching television is damaging to vision. Researchers claim that wariness deficit disorders in children result from watching television for long periods. Television leads to developmental disorders, damaging the capability of the brain which is in control oflanguage skills. Children who watch more television show difficulties in paying attention or concentrating. Television is one of the effective media used to promote all kinds of products. Unsupervised television watching in children can lead to early mental picture to things they may not understand.Television advertisements may influence the children to use wrong methods. Eye catching advertisements and film stories deeply impact young minds. They associate their life to television shows and films. Studies in psychology have shown that watching intense emotions on television leaves a lo ng-lasting impact on ones mind. abhorrence scenes, ghosts, unpleasant scenes that are shown on television have a negative effect on the minds of people watching them. Violence, killing, massacre and physical abuse that is shown on television impacts the thoughts and emotions of the viewers.Research shows about 25% of parents use television to occupy their children or in other words babysit them. Some 70% of the 1,000 mothers & fathers were polled as social occasion of the national year of communication survey say they do not feel guilty about allowing their children to watch TV. And 42% think it is a great way for children to learn.On the bbc.com website, a survey was taken and many parents say bring conversations on about what theyve learned from watching the shows on television. In actuality except 15% of families start conversations based on tv. There is certainly no excuse to have your child sit in front of the television screen. Children can do a whole list of activities tha t are better worth the time such as reading or going outside and get active.

Explore Dickens presentation of education in Hard Times Essay

dickens presents The Victorian grooming discoverline in Hard Times in a fundamentally negative way, hellion expresses the idea that having an imaginative feeling to our reproduction is essential. He does this through satirising the education frame and mocking the purposes. Through extinct the novel, it is a purpose of Dickens being satirical towards the education system.Dickens opens the novel with a satirical description of Thomas Gradgrind and his useful educational methods as he teaches the room full of students Facts alone atomic number 18 wanted in demeanor (9) Dickens satirises Gradgrinds commitment to an education comprised only of facts as Gradgrind exaggerates that facts atomic number 18 the only essential affaire in life. externalise (14) symbolises imagination and wonder compared to facts. Dickens emphasise Fact more than he does with Fancy he does this by repeating fact itself, sounds more forceful. Gradgrinds view on education is his children are to never imagine or wonder.Gradgrind rejects the concept of fancy or imagination fancy has nothing to ease up to understanding only things that can be measured are important. Gradgrinds disapproving rant on fancy You dont walk upon flowers in fact (14) to the students underlines that fancy is bad and it should be facts (14) In his satirical description of Gradgrind, Dickens aim is of what he experienced in the industrial England during his time when education varied vastly, according to location, gender, and class, meaning that Dickens view on utileism is shown in a satirical way, and his beliefs stood out throughout the novel, this indicates how the education system was controlled.Dickens uses fictitious characters names to continue his satire of the utilitarian education system prevalent in Victorian Britain. Mr Gradgrind breaks into the word Grind as a means to crush, signifying his method of grinding down the students individuality and both imagination they may meet entered the sc hool with. Mr MChoakumchild, breaks into me, choke, child Dickens exaggerates with the name as we dont think the new teacher is literally choking the children in his care, that this Fact-obsessed creature will only choke imagination and feelings out of them. If he had only learnt a myopic less, how infinitely better be he might have taught much more (15) This highlights that the utilitarianism system would bunk much better, if it were not so strung on facts. If Mr. MChoakumchild had learnt less and been practically involved with his students more and would have taught far better. This is criticizing the way the system works. Dickens is suggesting that in the utilitarianism system, suggesting that ramming facts into students might not be the just approximately effective way of teaching them. Not everything can be reduced to facts alone.Mr Gradgrind and Mr Bounderby are the main representations of utilitarianism and following of the system. In Louisas proposed marriage to Bounderb y, Dickens shows us a disastrous consequence of Gradgrinds system that denied everything but facts. You have been accustomed to consider every early(a) question, simply as one of tactual Fact (97) This illustrates that Gradgrind, who is incap up to(p) of expressing his emotions effectively toward Louisa, edges her into a marriage with Bounderby by stating various facts and statistics to her. Louisa is hesitant to communicate her feelings towards him she returned, without any visible emotion (96) David Lodges How Successful Was Hard Times? (1981) argues that Gradgrinds ideology in his system is questionable, Lodge explains that it is a primary index of what is wrong with his system Mr Bounderby is also a character with utilitarian beliefs, doubtlessly one of the major characters that has a firm belief in the system, you may force him to dispirit boiling fat, but you shall never suppress force him to suppress the facts of his life (23) He signifies the very warmness of his ruthles s principles that only has room for facts and statistics.Hard Times outlines that a utilitarian approach to life is goalless and costs those who follow their imaginations become robotic and inadequate to the system. Imagination and heart is found in the circus where Mr Bounderby and Mr Gradgrind pooh-pooh No young people have circus masters or attend circus lectures about circuses (23) Gradgrind implies that circuses are not like a practical schoolroom. Dickens represents Sissy Jupe as an influential character of the novel who presents the value of a warm heart and embodies feelings and emotions. She is seen as a complete failure of Gradgrinds system. However Dickens and the reader judge her as a success. The young innocent girl mocked by the teacher and presented as the dumb girl in the start of the novel, gradually turns out to be the closely key character in the whole novel. Since the foundational significance of fact and the removal of fancy that Gradgrinds education obliges, Sissy Jupe will never succeed. Nevertheless, in spite of the education, Sissy becomes a young woman who is able to maintain her own principles and beliefs.The contrasting descriptions of Sissy and Bitzer are shown in their appearance. For example Sissy is described as radiant and warm dark eyed and dark haired (11) referring to her as someone who is the face of vitality. However Bitzer is visualised as what little colour he ever possessed (11) and His cold eyes would hardly have been eyes (11)) Demonstrating that he is cold and emotionless with no heart and all calculation. Dickens uses Bitzer to demonstrate that other students are influenced by him, showing that he is a follower of Gradgrinds system, whereas Sissy is the foreigner to the system.The Utilitarian education system relates to the industrial town Coketown which consists of factories and large streets like one another people as like one another (27) The town is linked to a painted face of a criminal (27) that is des cribed as barbaric and uncultured, the children are being deprived from the ill-smelling dye (27) Dickens suggests the society that the children/workers are living in is unsanitary Jail (28) indicating that they have no escape from their problems. The utilitarian system stamps out all imagination in the pupils and prepares them perfectly for the life of drudgery. Dickens describes as their lot as manpower in Coketowns factories.Education presented in Hard Times is shown as satirical in Dickensian vision of Utilitarianism. This is because Dickens is able to create a fool out of the system cunningly. Furthermore it is original that what Dickens has presented is humorous and convincing with making the utilitarian ideology seem absurd through the novel. I find David Lodges argument towards Dickens opinion as liberal and potent.

Impact of technology on communication Essay

The ways new technologies of communication affect my interactions. Since the origination of electronic communication I receive made friends who are far from where I live. Although not everyone I have met on the internet becomes my friends, or so are business associates, others have become my employer and still legion(predicate) have become my friends. My very common means of electronic communication is through live chats much(prenominal) as yahoo messenger and skype. This is where I get immediate feedback as long as the psyche I am chatting with is online. It requires that both of us have the account which is free of charge.New technology forget show me if the person is away, unavailable, online or offline. I also use the email technology and this has helped me cover umpteen distances in terms of education and socializing. I have bought books that I feel I need to remove through the internet and the payment I have done through wire transfer. Surprisingly I have not lost any money or got conned as I hear bulk complaining that the net is full of fraud. I have also got a free lance tune with the essay writers and I wrote my application through an email. After a while I got a feedback from them through email and started micturateing for them.I get all my orders through browsing through the list of orders supplied and I practise on the orders and then send them to customers through the internet. My questions if any about the orders are direct to the customers as a message that gets addressed within 24 hours. My pay for the work done is through electronic wire transfer. However I lack the face to face opportunity of interacting with these citizenry I work for and although this does not much affect my work I tend to think that maybe if the meeting in face to face was there maybe we would not bond well and maybe wouldnt work together.Sometimes this happens as some people who I meet face to face can never become my friends, my partners in business or my e mployer. They are those people who are hard to deal with, people who are not straight, who will look for war always. This I can only judge erstwhile I get to interact with a person face to face. Although one can get a vivid idea of some ones character through their way of writing that is the style they use, I believe some characteristics can be hidden and not seen through writing only if will expose out rightly on face to face basis.I look at the people on television and associate the characteristics of the individuals here with the background they come from. An example movie from Mexico portrays Mexicans as very beautiful people, very hardworking. This is my personal opinion of the Mexicans and although it might not be perfect, I have come to this conclusion through watching television. Television has always shown Africa to be the land of jungle, wild animals locomote freely. When I went for a tour in these places I saw exactly this. The last interesting occasion that I have got from the net is a fiance.I met this man through skype and after chatting for quite some time we exchanged snaps. In the snap I saw that his physical appearance is what I would want. We did a lot of communication and said what each of us value, our dislikes and likes. When he finally flew to come and see me, I was not surprised for I just saw the very person I have learnt to relish and respect on skype. He spoke the same way, looked just as the snap had shown. After a few months we got engaged and we are now looking forward to our wedding

Argumentative Essay Essay

Governments should be much involved in citizens diets Modern age supermarkets selling false the shelve foods are normal nowadays. Unfortunately the knowledge of what is healthy and what is not had been effected by this. flock should be better educated on what is healthy and what is not. Healthier diets make better citizens and healthier citizens depart save a lot of money in health care, bad diets do cause costly health problems. Although it is general knowledge that caseous products are cheaper than healthy products, it is not general knowledge that products claiming to be healthy are usually full of harmful and unhealthy ingredients. It is time the government steps in to protect the population.Firstly, health problems caused by bad, unhealthy diets weigh heavily on health care expenses. some(prenominal) population-based prevention policies can be expected to generate substantial health gains while entirely or largely paying for themselves through future reductions of healt h-care expenditures according to The Lancet (Cecchini et al., 2010). Just by eating healthier a reduction will be made possible, this alone should be reason enough for a government to get more involvedSecondly, people will be commenced to choose healthier products when prices for unhealthy products will be raised. The current situation is just the other way around. The healthier natural selection is more expensive. With proper nutrition and regular exercise, you can reduce the costs of health insurance premiums, the tally you spend on medicines and the number of co-pays for doctor visits according to Livestrong (Ellyn 2011). However true this may be, as tenacious as healthier products cost more instead of less people will be lean to buy more unhealthy products.Thirdly, in order to make the healthier decision, information about unhealthy ingredients should be clearer and more perceptible. Reading food labels is strangely enough rather difficult, excellent vision and blanket(a) knowledge on what the ingredients mean are necessary to understand the labels. It makes it easier to compare similar foods to see which is a healthier choice according to the Mayo Clinic (2012), however easier to understand labelling, easier to read labelling will enable more people to making that choice.In conclusion, if governments decide to invest in educating the population it will enable and stimulate citizens to make healthier choices. In order to reach this goal the government should demand clearer and more visible information on products concerning the ingredients put a fairer price on healthier products.

Ibsen A Dolls House

The dissolution A Dolls House by Henrik Isben brings to light the realities of middle break society and its values. A womans place in 1800s society was very divers(prenominal) than it is today. Women did non have the same freedoms that they have today, in spite of the fact that they were strong and intelligent. Nora used this competency and intelligence in play and was punished for it.The play opens up with Nora arriving home and being greeted by her married man in a condescending manner. Torvald says to his wife, Has my little spendthrift been wasting money again? He overly calls her a lark and a squirrel. However, Torvald is unaware that most of the money he gives his wife is going towards a loan that she secretly took out to help him. In the 1800s, it was illegal for women to take out loans without their husbands signature. Torvald was ill and the family needed money to help him. Nora secretly takes out a loan by beat her fathers signature. This is illegal, of course, and later leads to Krogstad blackmailing Nora. When Torvald finds out he threatens her.The way Nora handles her situation is inspirational. She had been treated like a doll by both her father and her husband, but she has the strength to stand up to her husband. She decides to leave and spark off a saucily life for herself. The human spirit will not be trampled on. Nora has done something that is not wrong, and she has done it for a very good reason. She begins to question everything she has always blindly played, including being a wife and mother, and her religious training. Even though Nora was held down her whole life, she realizes that she has duties to myself. She knows that most people would think that what she was doing was wrong, but she waistcloth true to herself. In the end, Nora does what she has to do to survive.A Dolls House starts as a play about a typical middle class family. Nora goes through challenges and realizes that they cannot do what society expects out of her. She goes away the boundaries of what she is allowed to do as a woman for a reason that she feels is noble. But she is punishedfor that action and cannot accept the fact that she is reprimanded for it. In the end, when Nora decides to leave her husband and family, her decision opens up a possibility of a new life and personal growth for her. I was left wondering how that life will be, and wishing her supremacy and happiness.

Hopi Indians Essay

The name Moqui, or Moki, by which they learn been popularly known, means dead in their own language, but as a tribal name it is plainly of alien origin and of undetermined signification Bandelier and Cushing believed the Hopi country, the later province of Tu producean, to be identical with the Totonteac of Fray Marcos de Niza. The Hopi frontmost became known to white men in the summer of 1540 Located in ArizonaBuildings like stepsNatacka Festival This festival is somewhat like Halloween, only the trick and treaters atomic number 18 adult men. During the 9-day Hopi purification ceremony, freak Natackas (men in costume) go from house to house, begging. The Natackas hoot and whistle if they are turned stilt. Jewelry The southwestern tribes apply turquoise to make jewelry, and still do. They believed turquoise was the stone of happiness, health, and good fortune. Before kids could become adults and marry, they had to pass a test of courage. Girls would go off with the women, an d boys with the men. The actual coming of age ceremony for each individual was secret. provided all ceremonies were tests of courage. Infants A blanket and a perfect ear of corn were given to an infant child. Parents couldnt name the babies, the colonisation leaders had to. Naming a baby was very important to the Hopi. Everyone in the colony made suggestions. The parents would not be the ones to finally name the baby. That honor was reserved for the tribal or village leaders, not the parents. But everyone in the family could come with blessings and give suggestions of names for the baby. Have their own reservation called Hopi qualificationThe Hopi Way is one of peace and is holistic their name Hopituh Shi-nu-mu, can be interpreted as The undisturbed Little People. All of daily life is part of their religion, and their belief is to help opposites improve their life. Twelve caste groups, called phratries, have many clans within them, each with its own ceremonies and unnameable fetishes. Though men are the unearthly leaders, the children inherit the clan of their mother. Though the men own the livestock and the fruit trees, the women own all the land, eve that under the fruit trees. As many as 24 varieties of corn are grown and imputable to arid conditions the roots may grow 20 feet down.Each plant has many ears of corn. To supplement the fasten of corn the Hopi gather more than 100 wild plants. Kivas are the center of religious life and are mostly used by the men. Stone walls line the underground chambers and a hole sipapu in the floor of the kiva symbolizes the exit from the ant peoples domain. Religion is life for the Hopi and binds the village into a cheering fraternity. Most ceremonies relate to rain. Katsinas or kachinas, of which there are about 350, are the guarding spirits that come down from their world at overwinter solstice, remaining in the people until summer solstice. Saquasohuh is believed by some to compensate the Hale-Bopp comet.Th e Wuwuchim ceremony includes a song that tells of this, and this song was sang in 1914, preceeding WWI, in 1940, pre WWII, and again in 1961. The Hopi say that the emergence into the Fifth World of the future has begun. The sacred clowns of the Hopi have a unique function in their society and the religious right to enact by negative example what should not be done. abasement and ridicule are their methods, and no one is insubordinate to their rudeness. Stripping another naked is not exhalation too far. Misbehavior of people in the community is dramatized, and the culprit takes the hint. The clowns are the ultimate tradition keepers. If blend in needs to be done the clowns recruit the workers.They cannot be denied. White ways, such as money, missionaries, and teachers sent to the Hopi have been the capacity of the clowns derision. The Hopi are skilled in weaving, dyeing, and embroidering blankets, belts, and kilts. Their textile work is durable, and shows a great variety of weav es. The chromatic blanket of the Hopi woman is an important article of commerce among the Pueblos, and their embroidered ceremonial blankets, sashes, and kilts made of cotton have a ready sale among neighboring tribes.Although the Hopi ceramic art has somewhat deteriorated in modern times, fair clayware is still made among the people of Hano, where one family has revived the superior art of the earlier villagers. They weave basketry in a great variety of ways at the Middle Mesa pueblos and in Oraibi but, with the exception of the acquainted(predicate) sacred-meal plaques, which are well made and brightly colored, the workmanship is crude. The Hopi are clever in making masks and other religious paraphernalia from hides, and excel in carving and painting dolls, representing kachinas, which are adorned with bright feathers and cloth.They in like manner manufacture mechanical toys, which are exhibited in some of their dramatic entertainments. Nowhere among the aborigines of North Am erica are the Hopi excelled in dramaturgic exhibitions, in some of which their imitations of birds and other animals are marvelously realistic. Most ceremonies relate to rain. Katsinas or kachinas, of which there are about 350, are the guarding spirits that come down from their world at winter solstice, remaining in the people until summer solstice.White ways, such as money, missionaries, and teachers sent to the Hopi have been the subject of the clowns derision. The clowns are the ultimate tradition keepers. If work needs to be done the clowns recruit the workers. They cannot be denied. The sacred clowns of the Hopi have a unique function in their society and the religious right to enact by negative example what should not be done. Humiliation and ridicule are their methods, and no one is immune to their rudeness. Stripping another naked is not going too far. Misbehavior of people in the community is dramatized, and the culprit takes the hint.

Science and politics Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Science and politics - Term Paper ExampleUndeniably, arena leaders and industry managers still very much depend on vegetable inunct for their major industries. In the end, oil is hardly something they can do away with and the oil companies know this. For which reason, most oil companies and different inte loosening groups contend that government authorities must oversee and must be involved in cleaning up oil spills. They further contend that the government also has a responsibility to the environment to assist in the clean-up and to use its resources in order to speed up these clean-up processes. However, most taxpayers disagree with this argument. They guess that the oil companies alone should bear the cost and responsibility of cleanup and that taxpayers money should not be spent in order to clear-out these oil spills. This is an issue which has yet to be resolved. In an attempt to sacrifice some resolution to this issue, this paper shall research materials which support th e argument that, the government must oversee and be involved in the cleanup of oil spills. Discussion As soon as oil spills into the ocean, it introductory spreads on the waters surface and the speed and the immersion by which is spreads depends also on the density and composition of the oil spilled (Water Encyclopedia, 2011). The oil spilled may be cohesive or it may break up depending on the movement of the water. Rougher water movements tend to break the oil slick and cause it to cover a larger territory of ocean, including coastal areas, and some marine and terrestrial habitats (Water Encyclopedia, 2011). Oil containing volatile organic compounds part evaporates and it leaves about 20 % or 40% of the mass denser and more resistant to flow. A small mensuration of oil dissolves in water and it can then disperse undetected or form a thick mousse with the water (Water Encyclopedia, 2011). A portion of the oil may then sink with particulates and the rest may congeal into sticky t ar balls. Eventually, oil waste deteriorates and breaks down through photolysis and biodegradation. Once oil reaches shorelines, it then interacts with the beach sand, rocks, gravel, and vegetation. It causes contamination and erosion of these shorelines and sediments (Water Encyclopedia, 2011). Once the beach sand becomes contaminated, it is then unable to cheer and support normal vegetation in the shorelines. Rocks with oil residues can also be toxic to coastal wildlife as it can poison the coastline and organic substrates, thereby interrupting the food chain upon which fishes and coastal creatures depend and upon which their gentility is based (Water Encyclopedia, 2011). Wildlife and other sea creatures, as well as mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and birds can also be poisoned by oil residues. In fact, the Exxon Valdez oil spill caused the death of an estimated number of 100,000 to 300,000 birds in the area of Prince William Sound Alaska (Piatt, et.al., 1990). pure ingestion of oil can be poisonous to animals it can smother these creatures and destroy their thermal insulation (Wells, Butler, and Hughes, 1995). Oil can also damage their reproductive systems and disrupt the pattern of their usual behaviors. In the semipermanent setting, such damage can cause such species and populations to change or to totally disappear. Even when oil spills have dissipated over miles of ocean and coastlines, their impact on the environment often remains.

False Identity or Misrepresentation in Social Media Assignment

absurd Identity or Misrepresentation in Social Media - Assignment drillCriminals use this opportunity to get entry to others profiles by sending friend requests. Once approved, they get access to the victims personal data, photographs and albums which they might forward to adult sites, or this may lead to telephonic conversations and meetings, and nobody knows about the consequences. The criminal can also adopt identity of real people by using their hacked photographs and information, for the purpose of attracting friends.This topic holds a strong place among ethical issues in e-marketing. Internet stab persons are getting more and more informed about false e-marketing or fake e-business advertisements. False identity helps the criminal in preplanned attacks against payment systems like pensions and medical insurance. E-marketing ethics require that in rate to carry out effective e-marketing, the e-marketer must base the business on depend suitable grounds. If he is honest in d isplaying his identity, consumers will automatically come to him because e-consumers always do business with the names they can trust. Similarly, it is unethical to adopt the identity of another successful organization as doing so tends to bring harm to the spirit of the owner of the cloned identity.Here is an example when the issue was handled ethically. According to PR Log (2009), a Press Release, twenty dollar bill fake identity factories had been sealed which were being operated by criminals who produced cloned driving licenses and utility bills. The Metropolitan Police was able to track down these factories in an Operation, arrested the criminals and closed the factories. If such criminals keep on getting caught, then this would be a good lesson for those who think of crossing the ethical boundaries in interacting with social media and in carrying out e-marketing. allows discuss an example when this issue was not handled ethically. Johnson (2010) revealed in her article that a ccording